1986 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
Section I: Structure and Vocabulary
In each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete
the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put your choice in the brackets on the
left. (15 points)
EXAMPLE:
I was caught ________ the rain yesterday.
[A] in
[B] by
[C] with
[D] at
ANSWER: [A]
1. No doctors could cure the patient ________ his strange disease.
[A] with
[B] of
[C] from
[D] off
2. He was his wits’ end ________ what to do.
[A] in
[B] on
[C] at
[D] of
3. Prior ________ his departure, he addressed a letter to his daughter.
[A] to
[B] of
[C] in
[D] from
4. The driving instructor told me to pull ________ at the post office.
[A] up
[B] back
[C] round
[D] along
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5. When there’s a doubt, the chairman’s decision is ________.
[A] right
[B] definite
[C] fixed
[D] final
6. We can rely on William to carry out this mission, for his judgment is always
________.
[A] unquestionable
[B] sound
[C] subtle
[D] healthy
7. The noise of the plane died ________ in the distance.
[A] away
[B] out
[C] down
[D] off
8. Hospital doctors don’t go out very often as their work ________ all their time.
[A] takes away
[B] takes in
[C] takes over
[D] takes up
9. Attendances at football matches have ________ since the coming of television.
[A] dropped in
[B] dropped down
[C] dropped off
[D] dropped out
10. After the death of their parents, the sisters got well ________ and never
quarreled.
[A] away
[B] in
[C] along
[D] out
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11. They always give the vacant seats to ________ comes first.
[A] who
[B] whom
[C] whoever
[D] whomever
12. Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication ________ the
advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.
[A] in that
[B] in which
[C] in order that
[D] in the way
13. He is ________ of an actor.
[A] anybody
[B] anyone
[C] somebody
[D] something
14. The captain apologized ________ to tell us more about the accident.
[A] for to be unable
[B] that he was unable
[C] to be unable
[D] for being unable
15. ________ is no reason for discharging her.
[A] Because she was a few minutes late
[B] Owing to a few minutes being late
[C] The fact that she was a few minutes late
[D] Being a few minutes late
Section II: Close Test
For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices labeled
[A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the best one and put your choice in the brackets
below the passage. Read the whole passage before making your choices. (10 points)
On Wednesday afternoons Annie took the bus into town to shop in the market.
For an hour or __16__ she would walk up and down between the stalls looking at
everything, buying here and there, and __17__ a sharp lookout for the bargains that
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were sometimes to be had. And then, with all the things she needed __18__ she
would leave the market for the streets of the town to spend another hour __19__ she
liked best: looking in furniture shop windows.
One Wednesday she found a new shop full of the most delightful things, with a
notice inviting anyone to walk in and look __20__ without feeling they had to buy
something. Annie hesitated for a moment before stepping through the doorway
where, almost at once, she stopped __21__ before a green armchair. There was a
card on the chair which said: “This fine chair is yours __22__ less than a pound a
week,” and very small at the bottom, “Cash price eighty-nine pounds fifty.” A pound
a week... __23__, she could almost pay that out of her housekeeping money and
never miss it! A voice at her shoulder made her __24__. “Can I help you, Madam?”
She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her __25__.
“Oh, well, no,” she said. “I was just looking.” “We’ve chairs of all kinds in the
showroom. If you’ll just come up, you will find something to suit you.”
Annie, worried at the thought of being persuaded to buy something she didn’t
need, left the shop hurriedly.
16. [A] so
[B] more
[C] else
[D] another
17. [A] taking
[B] making
[C] fixing
[D] keeping
18. [A] buy
[B] bought
[C] buying
[D] to have bought
19. [A] in a way
[B] by the way
[C] in the way
[D] on the way
20. [A] behind
[B] round
[C] back
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[D] on
21. [A] doubted
[B] wondered
[C] puzzled
[D] delighted
22. [A] at
[B] for
[C] with
[D] in
23. [A] Why
[B] When
[C] How
[D] What
24. [A] jump
[B] leap
[C] laugh
[D] wonder
25. [A] place
[B] back
[C] side
[D] front
Section III: Reading Comprehension
Each of the two passages below is followed by five questions. For each question
there are four answers. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to
each of the questions. Put your choice in the brackets on the left. (10 points)
Text 1
There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on
specialization. You find these careers in engineering, in production, in statistical
work, and in teaching. But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to
take in great area at a glance, people who perhaps do not know too much about any
one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing
the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. We can call these
people “generalists.” And these “generalists” are particularly needed for positions in
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administration, where it is their job to see that other people do the work, where they
have to plan for other people, to organize other people’s work, to begin it and judge
it.
The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools. He
is a “trained” man; and his educational background is properly technical or
professional. The generalist -- and especially the administrator -- deals with people;
his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving. He is an
“educated” man; and the humanities are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is a
specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a good generalist also
a good specialist in particular field. Any organization needs both kinds of people,
though different organizations need them in different proportions. It is your task to
find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, and
to plan your career accordingly.
Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you -- but this is pure accident.
Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of
your ability to hold any job. At the same time you must not look upon the first job as
the final job; it is primarily a training job, an opportunity to understand yourself and
your fitness for being an employee.
26. There is an increasing demand for ________.
[A] all round people in their own fields
[B] people whose job is to organize other people’s work
[C] generalists whose educational background is either technical or professional
[D] specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to
others
27. The specialist is ________.
[A] a man whose job is to train other people
[B] a man who has been trained in more than one fields
[C] a man who can see the forest rather than the trees
[D] a man whose concern is mainly with technical or professional matters
28. The administrator is ________.
[A] a “trained” man who is more a specialist than a generalist
[B] a man who sees the trees as well as the forest
[C] a man who is very strong in the humanities
[D] a man who is an “educated” specialist
29. During your training period, it is important ________.
[A] to try to be a generalist
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[B] to choose a profitable job
[C] to find an organization which fits you
[D] to decide whether you are fit to be a specialist or a generalist
30. A man’s first job ________.
[A] is never the right job for him
[B] should not be regarded as his final job
[C] should not be changed or people will become suspicious of his ability to
hold any job
[D] is primarily an opportunity to fit himself for his final job
Test 2
At the bottom of the world lies a mighty continent still wrapped in the Ice Age
and, until recent times, unknown to man. It is a great land mass with mountain
ranges whose extent and elevation are still uncertain. Much of the continent is a
complete blank on our maps. Man has explored, on foot, less than one per cent of its
area. Antarctica differs fundamentally from the Arctic regions. The Arctic is an ocean,
covered with drifting packed ice and hemmed in by the land masses of Europe, Asia,
and North America. The Antarctic is a continent almost as large as Europe and
Australia combined, centered roughly on the South Pole and surrounded by the most
unobstructed water areas of the world -- the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans.
The continental ice sheet is more than two miles high in its centre, thus, the air
over the Antarctic is far more refrigerated than it is over the Arctic regions. This cold
air current from the land is so forceful that it makes the nearby seas the stormiest in
the world and renders unlivable those regions whose counterparts at the opposite end
of the globe are inhabited. Thus, more than a million persons live within 2,000 miles
of the North Pole in an area that includes most of Alaska, Siberia, and Scandinavia --
a region rich in forest and mining industries. Apart from a handful of weather
stations, within the same distance of the South Pole there is not a single tree, industry,
or settlement.
31. The best title for this selection would be ________.
[A] Iceland
[B] Land of Opportunity
[C] The Unknown Continent
[D] Utopia at Last
32. At the time this article was written, our knowledge of Antarctica was ________.
[A] very limited
[B] vast
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