考研英语首次使用网络资源作为试题来源(附09年阅读理解PART B 标准答案)

　　北京新东方学校 考研名师团队

　　2009年考研英语试题在阅读理解PART B 环节中出现的是已经考了几年，比较成熟的7选5的题型。这是一篇对人类文化，以及人类认知自身文化的历史进程的文章。比较有意思的是，经过笔者的搜索，这篇文章的出处是微软旗下MSN网站上的百科全书encarta上的文章。我们知道，考研命题专家一贯以来，比较倾向于使用西方著名的报纸刊物，如经济学人，时代周刊，纽约时报，美国新闻等传统纸质媒体上的文章。而这次，一篇完全基于互联网的文章出现在了考研英语的试题中。如果我们再结合今年的大作文题目，我们不仅要惊呼，考研英语的网络时代已经全面来临！

　　先按照encarta 的文章，把标准答案给大家。

　　41.C

　　He argued that human evolution was characterized by a struggle he called the “survival of the fittest,” in which weaker races and societies must eventually be replaced by stronger, more advanced races and societies

　　42.E

　　Thus, in Morgan’s view, diverse aspects of culture, such as the structure of families, forms of marriage, categories of kinship, ownership of property, forms of government, technology, and systems of food production, all changed as societies evolved.

　　43.A

　　Other anthropologists believed that cultural innovations, such as inventions, had a single origin and passed from society to society. This theory was known as diffusionism。

　　44. B

　　In order to study particular cultures as completely as possible, Boas became skilled in linguistics, the study of languages, and in physical anthropology, the study of human biology and anatomy

　　45.G

　　. For example, British anthropologists Grafton Elliot Smith and W. J. Perry incorrectly suggested, on the basis of inadequate information, that farming, pottery making, and metallurgy all originated in ancient Egypt and diffused throughout the world. In fact, all of these cultural developments occurred separately at different times in many parts of the world.