UNIT Ⅰ 文体类型
一 信函
英文书信主要分为两大类：私人信函和公务信函。
私人信函是指与朋友、家人之间的往来书信，其内容比较自由，只需包括以下几部分即可：称呼、正文、落款；
公务信函类型多样，应用范围非常广泛，属于正式文体。
此类信函的共同特点是：
1 内容明确，不可漫无目标；
2 言辞诚恳、坦然，不能感情夸张；
3 语言清晰、简洁、有礼。
从形式上侧重考查公务信函，因为只有此类信函才需要用到书面语的正式语体。
二 备忘录
备忘录主要用于公司或部门内部的交流，其主要作用是为雇员传达信息，本公司或部门之外的人一般是看不到的。备忘录一般使用非正式文体，但也可以根据内容及收文人与发文人之间关系而具体决定。例如向上级报道重要事情就需要使用正式的文体。备忘录内容可以采取段落的形式，也可以采用数字编号。
备忘录的结构形式一般包括以下几个部分：
1 信笺上端的公司名称、地址、电话号码等：一般只包括公司名称，地址可以省略；
2 信头包括：To, From,
Subject和Date等措词。To后面接收件人姓名、职务等；From后面接备忘录写作者的姓名(注意作者姓名前面不用Dr., Miss, Mr.,
Ms。之类的称呼)；Subject后是备忘录主要内容的概括性小标题；Date后写日期；
3 正文段落：主题下面空两行写正文，不用称呼和结尾礼词；
4 作者姓名首字母写在正文末行空一行的地方；
功能：1 提供会议摘要；2 为主管人员与职员之间的交流提供更便捷的渠道；3 确认电话交流或会面内容。
三 告示与通知
告示、通知之类的应用文，写作灵活多样，有正式和非正式等多种形式，其目的均为告诉公众某件事或某项活动。文字要求简洁易懂，表达直截了当。这部分又可分为两类，一类是有关部门就某事发出的通知或张贴的告示，此类文件要求结构严谨，用词确切，通常使用比较正式的文体。另一类是关于会议或活动的简单通知，此类文章至少需要包含以下内容：时间、地点、活动内容。
四 便条
便条是一种简短信函，形式比书信简单，多使用非正式文体。内容可包括：时间、收信人、事由、写信人。通常不写发信人地址，开头甚至可以省略Dear等称呼，结尾也可以略去祝贺的话和Yours
sincerely等语言。其使用语言特点是通常情况下比一般的信函更接近口语。由于写信人和收信人对互相的情况都十分熟悉，因此一般的客套话均省略。
UNIT Ⅱ 各种信函类型
一 邀请信 (A Letter of Invitation)
邀请信包括宴会、舞会、晚餐、聚会、婚礼等各种邀请信件，形式上大体分为两种：一种为正规的格式(formal
correspondence)，亦称请柬；一种是非正式格式(informal
correspondence)，即一般的邀请信。邀请信是在形式上不如请柬那样正规，但也是很考究。书写时应注意：
邀请信一定要将邀请的时间(年、月、日、钟点)、地点、场合写清楚，不能使接信人存在任何疑虑。例如："I’d like you and Bob to come
to Luncheon next Friday. "这句话中所指的是哪个星期五并不明确，所以应加上具体日期"I’d like you and Bob to
come to luncheon next Friday, May the fifth."
写作练习：
1 邀请朋友共进午餐 Inviting a friend to informal luncheon
2 邀请朋友同他们不认识的人一起共进晚餐 Inviting friends to supper with the strangers
3 邀请参加新厂开工典礼 Invitation to opening ceremony of new factory
4 邀请来家中小住及周末聚会 An invitation for a house and weekend party
5 邀请参加招待会 An invitation for a reception
6 邀请演讲 Inviting someone to address a meeting
写作“三步走”：说明邀请目的->说明活动安排->期待尽早回复
提示：信中要说明关于活动的详细信息，包括活动时间、地点、内容，有时需要说明参加活动的人员。语气要热情真挚，但不要强人所难。
Directions:
You are going to celebrate your 23rd birthday with a big party. Write a
letter to invite your friend Anne to the party. In the letter, please specify
the time and the location, explain the activities, and express your wish for her
attendance。
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming"
instead。
Do not write the address。
范文：
Dear Anne,
I wonder if there is any chance for your to come to my 23rd birthday party at
my house on this Saturday night, May the 8th. It would be my pleasure to share
the important moments with you. In addition, since you are a fan of rock music,
I am glad to tell you that I have invited our campus Rock'n'Roll band, the
"Brainbreak", to perform. There are also arrangements for dancing and
cake-cutting, which I am sure you will thoroughly enjoy。
The dinner starts at 6 pm so that we can have a nice and long evening。
I would love for you to attend, so please let me know your decision。
Love,
Li Ming
译文：
亲爱的安：
不知你这周六(即5月8日)晚上是否能够来我家参加我的23岁生日派队？我非常想和你一起分享那些重要的时刻。此外，因为你是个摇滚乐歌迷，所以我也很高兴地告诉你，我还邀请到了我们的校园摇滚乐队"Brainbreak"来我的晚会演出。另外我还安排了舞会和切蛋糕等活动，相信你一定会玩得很开心。
晚饭将于6点开始，这样我们就能够享受一个漫长且愉快的夜晚。
我非常希望您能够光临我的晚会，请告知我你的决定。
谨上，
李明
闪光词汇及词组：
fan: n. 歌迷，影迷，爱好者
rock music, Rock'n'Roll: 摇滚音乐
arrangement: n. 安排
cake-cutting: n. 切蛋糕
thoroughly: adv. 十分地，彻底地
presence: n. 出席，到场
万能句型：
I wonder if there is any chance for your to come to.。.
It would be my pleasure to share the important moments with you。
I am glad to tell you that.。.
There are also arrangements for ... which I am sure you will thoroughly
enjoy。
The dinner starts at ... so that we can have a nice and long evening。
I would love for you to attend, so please let me know your decision。
邀请信的回复
邀请信的复信要求简明扼要，在书写时应注意以下几点：
1 接受邀请的复信中应重复写上邀请信中的某些内容，如邀请年、月、日，星期几、几点钟等，如"I’ll be delighted to attend your
luncheon next Friday, May the fifth, at twelve o’clock."。
2 邀请信的复信中应明确表明接受邀请还是不接受邀请，不能含乎其词，如不能写"I’ll come if I’m in town.
"这类的话，以使得对方无法作出安排。在接受邀请的复信中，应对受到邀请表示高兴。谢却的复信中应阐明不能应邀的原由。
二 申请信 (A Letter of Application)
申请信有很多种，有求职申请信、有加入某组织的申请信、有报考申请信、有申请学位或留学申请信，等等。无论哪一种申请信，一般都包括这样几个部分：申请的原因，具备的条件，恳请申请单位考虑自己的申请，并表示谢意，期望回复。
写作“三步走”：开宗明义说明申请原因->展开原因->期盼回复、表示感谢
提示：1 语言言简意赅，语气诚恳礼貌；
2 要避免不符合事实的浮夸；
3 如果是留学申请和奖学金申请，要注意提供以下信息：写明申请学校和专业，简介个人履历，索取对方学校相关信息，附上个人经历等材料。
Directions:
Being a volunteer for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games is your strong wish.
Write a letter to the Beijing Olympic Committee to state your application to be
a volunteer, describe your qualifications, and express the appreciation of an
interview。
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming"
instead。
Do not write the address。
范文：
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing to express my great interest in the "Olympic Volunteer
Recruitment" launched recently by the Beijing Olympic Committee, and I would
like to apply as a qualified candidate。
As I am an English major, my fluency in both Mandarin and English, as well as
my basic command of French, guarantees that I meet the language requirement for
the various volunteer positions. More importantly, I have been an enthusiastic
participant in many international exchange programs-which are reflected in my
attached resume-and therefore, I believe my communication skills make me
competent for such a post。
Should you grant me an interview, I would be most grateful。
Yours truly
Li Ming
译文：
尊敬的先生或女士：
我对北京奥组委最近启动的“奥运会志愿者招募”活动十分感兴趣，我认为我是一个合格的人选并且在此向您推荐我自己。
作为一个英语专业的学生，我的汉语和英语都十分流利，而且还会基本法语，因此我非常符合各种志愿者职位的语言要求。更重要的是，我一直以来积极热情地参与各种国际交流项目-这些经历都详细地反映在附件我的简历中-因此，我相信我的交流能力使我能够胜任这个职位。
如果您给我一个面试的机会，我将感激不尽。
您真诚的，
李明
闪光词汇及词组：
launch: v. 开始，启动
fluency: n. 流利
Mandarin: n. 普通话
guarantee: v. 保证
meet the requirement: 符合要求
enthusiastic: adj. 热情的
reflect: v. 反映
be competent for: 胜任(某项工作)
万能句型：
I am writing to express my great interest in.。.
I would like to apply as a qualified candidate。
As I am an X major.。.
Should you grant me an interview, I would be most grateful。
三 询问信 (A Letter of Inquiry)
询问信的主要目的是寻求所需信息，通常包括以下几个方面的内容：首先表明写作意图，说明写这封信的目的是要寻求什么样的信息；然后就某一具体问题进行询问；最后表明获取信息的急切心情，可以提供联系方式以便收信人与你联系，并表达你的感谢之情。
写作“三步走”：自我介绍、说明目的->具体询问事宜->表示感谢、期盼回复
提示：询问信的语气通常比较正式、和缓，要充分表达感激之情。同时，相比较语气直接的 疑问句，用一些能够起到提问作用的陈述句更佳。
Directions:
You and your family are planning for a trip to Hong Kong during the May
holiday. Write a letter to a travel agency to explain your travel plans, ask for
relevant information, and express your gratitude for a reply。
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming"
instead。
Do not write the address。
范文：
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing to ask for information about your agency's Hong Kong travel
packages for the May holiday. My family and I plan to travel there from May 1st
to 7th, in which period we would like to visit most of the scenic spots and
shopping centers. A DIY program would be preferable. It would be greatly
appreciated if you could provide us with yoru travel packages and their
corresponding price per person, covering both hotel and a return ticket。
I would be grateful to receive a prompt reply as the holiday is
approaching。
Yours cordially,
Li Ming
译文：
尊敬的先生或女士：
我想询问一下贵旅行社在五一假期的香港旅行计划方面的信息。我和我的家人计划在5月1日至7日去香港旅游，期间我们希望能够访问大部分的旅游景点和购物中心。我比较倾向于一个自助旅游的计划。如果您给为我提供一份具体的旅游计划及人均价格、其中包括旅馆和往返机票，我将不胜感激。
由于假期临近，希望您能够尽快回复，谢谢。
您真诚的，
李明
闪光词汇及词组：
scenic spot: 景点
DIY: do it yourself, 自己动手的，自助的
corresponding: adj. 相应的
return ticket: 往返机票
approach: v. 接近，靠近
万能句型：
I am writing to ask for information about.。.
A DIY program would be preferable。
It would be greatly appreciated if you could provide us with your travel
packages and their corresponding price per person, covering both hotel and a
return ticket。
I would be grateful to receive a prompt reply。
四 投诉信 (A Letter of Complaint)
在人们的生活中经常会发生一些事情，比如消费利益受损、正常生活和工作受到干扰等等令人伤脑筋的事情，有时写封投诉信不失为一个解决的办法。
投诉信通常包括以下几个方面的内容：说明投诉的原因并表示遗憾；实事求是地阐述问题发生的经过，切记不要夸大其词；指出问题引起的后果；提出批评及处理的意见或敦促对方采取措施或者提出所希望的赔偿以及补救方式。
写作“三步走”：说明投诉问题->描述具体情况->期待解决方案
提示：写投诉信时语气要冷静、郑重、克制，不必过于礼貌。但也要就事论事，不能进行人身攻击。同时，在描述问题时尽量采用被动句式，使描述更加客观合理。
Directions:
You bought a digital camera in a store last week, and you have found that
there is something wrong with it. Write a letter to the store manager to explain
the problem, express your complaints and suggest a solution。
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming"
instead。
Do not write the address。
范文：
Dear Manager,
I venture to write to complain about the quality of the digital camera I
bought last Friday at your store. During the five days the camera has been in my
possession, problems have emerged one after another. For one thing, the screen
is always black, making the camera no different from a traditional one. For
another, the battery is distressing as it supports the camera's operation for
only two hours. Therefore, I wish to exchange it for another camera or declare a
refund. I will appreciate it if my problem receives due attention。
Yours,
Li Ming
译文：
尊敬的经理：
我冒昧给你写这封信，投诉我上周五在您商店里购买的数码相机的质量问题。购买至今的五天中，各种问题一个接一个地出现。一方面，相继屏幕总是黑屏，我们使用起来仿佛和传统相机没有区别。另一方面，电池的状况也不尽人意，只能支持相机工作两个小时。因此，我希望可以换一个相机，否则我要求退款。我希望这个问题能够得到足够的重视。
谨上，
李明
闪光词汇及词组：
venture: v. 冒昧，斗胆
in sb's possession: 拥有
emerge: v. 显现出来
one after another: 一个接一个
make sth no different from sth: 使.。.和.。.没有区别
distressing: adj. 令人苦恼的，使人痛苦的
万能句型：
I venture to write to complain about.。.
For one thing... For another.。.
Therefore, I wish to exchange it for another ... or I declare a refund
五 道歉信 (A Letter of Apology)
我们在工作或生活中，有时难免会犯一些错误，写封致歉信就显得很有必要。道歉信通常包括以下内容：表示歉意；道歉的原由；出现差错的原因；提出弥补措施；请求原谅。写道歉信的语言要诚挚，解释的理由要真实，不要显出丝毫的虚情假意。好的道歉信不仅会取得对方的谅解，还会增进彼此的感情。
写作“三步走”：表示歉意->说明具体原因、提出补救办法->再次致歉、希望得到理解
提示：在写作过程中，尽可能提供比较合理的理由。如果违反生活常识将导致扣分；在解释完原因后，尽量提供一个合适的补救办法，使行文更加完满。
Directions:
You are invited to a dinner at a friend's house, but you are not able to
attend because of the preparation for a coming examination. Write a letter to
your friends to express your apology, explain your reason, and suggest a meeting
at another time。
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming"
instead。
Do not write the address。
范文：
Dear Anne,
Thank you for your invitation to dinner at your home tomorrow evening.
Unfortunately, it is much to my regret that I cannot join you and your family,
because I will be fully occupied then for an important exam coming the day after
tomorrow. I feel terribly sorry for missing the chance of such a happy
get-together, and I hope that all of you enjoy a good time. Is it possible for
you and me to have a private meeting afterward? If so, please don't hesitate to
drop me a line about your preferable date. I do long for a pleasant chat with
you。
Please allow me to say sorry again。
Regards,
Li Ming
译文：
亲爱的安：
感谢你邀请我于明日晚上与你和你的家人共进午餐。可是，我非常遗憾地告诉你我无法赴约，因为我将忙于准备后天的一门重要考试。错过了这么一个欢乐的聚会我深感遗憾，我希望你们能度过一个愉快的时光。对了，在我考试后我们可以见一面么？如果可以的话请随时给我打电话，我非常期待能和你愉快地聊天。
请允许我再一次致歉。
您真诚的，
李明
闪光词汇及词组：
occupy: v. 占用，占
get-together: n. 聚会，联欢会
hesitate: v. 犹豫，踌躇
drop sb. a line: 给某人打一个电话
preferable: adj. 更好的，更可取的
long for sth: 渴望
万能句型：
Thank you for your invitation to dinner at your home tomorrow evening.
Unfortunately, it is much to my regret that I cannot.。.
I feel terribly sorry for missing the chance of.。.
Is it possible for you and me to have a private meeting afterwards?
If so, please don't hesitate to drop me a call about your preferable
date。
Please allow me to say sorry again。
六 感谢信 (A Letter of Thanks)
感谢信通常带有浓厚的感情色彩，具有比较浓的人情味。感谢信通常分为正式感谢信和非正式感谢信，前者行文得体、语气礼貌谦恭、用词正式正规；后者语气则更加亲切热情。
写作“三步走”：表达感谢之情并说明原因->提及自己曾受到对方的帮助->再次感谢并表达回报愿望。
提示：表达的感激之情要恰到好处，不要过于夸张；建议在结尾尽量表达希望回报对方的愿望，显得更加真诚。
Directions:
You have just come back from a student exchange program in the U.S. Write a
letter to your host family in New York to express your gratitude for their
hospitality, describe the help they gave you, offer to repay their help and
invite them to visit you。
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming"
instead。
Do not write the address。
范文：
Dear Mr. and Mrs. Smith,
I am now back to China safe and sound. In this letter I would like to convey
my heartfelt thanks to you and your lovely children for your kindness and
hospitality to host me when I was in New York. Your generous help and tender
care made me feel warly welcomed and transformed my first American trip into a
beautiful memory。
I do hope that your whole family pay a visit to China in future, so that I
could have the opportunity to repay your friendship. I assure you that you would
enjoy visiting here as I did at your home。
I feel obliged to thank you once more。
Love,
Li Ming
译文：
亲爱的史密斯先生和夫人：
我现在安全健康地回到了中国。通过这封信，我想表达我对于您二位和你们可爱的孩子们衷心的感谢，感谢您对我纽约之行的热情招待。你们的慷慨和对我的关心使我此行更加愉快，而我的第一次美国之行也因此变成了美好的回忆。
我非常希望你们能在将来访问中国，让我有机会回报你们的友谊，我保证你们会像我在纽约那样度过一个愉快的时光。
再一次向你们表示感谢。
爱你们的，
李明
闪光词汇及词组：
safe and sound: 安全健康
convey: v. 传达，转达
heartfelt: adj. 衷心的，真心实意的
generous: adj. 大方的，慷慨的
tender: adj. 温柔的
transform sth into sth: 把.。.变成 .。.
pay a visit: 访问
repay: 报答，偿还
万能句型：
In this letter I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to.。.
Your generous help and tender care made me feel warly welcomed and
transformed my first American trip into a beautiful memory。
I assure you that you would enjoy visitng here as I did at your home。
I feel obliged to thank you once more。
七 祝贺信 (A Letter of Congratulation)
祝贺信是社交中的一种礼仪性信函。通常包括以下几个方面的内容：说明祝贺事由，表达热烈、诚挚的祝贺；围绕祝贺事件表述贺喜内容；表达美好祝福。
写作“三步走”：说明事由并表达自己衷心的祝贺->展开评论事件、赞扬收信人->再次表达良好祝愿
提示：在写作主要内容的时候，可以重点赞扬一下当事人的优秀能力和取得成就的原因、并展望他将来的美好发展前景等。
Directions:
Your friend Jason is elected as the Chairman of the Students' Union of your
university. Write a letter to congratulate him, state the reason for his
success, and express your best wishes and encouragement。
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming"
instead。
Do not write the address。
范文：
Dear Jason,
I am much delighted to learn that you have been elected the Chairman of our
University Students' Union. This is a special and happy moment for you and I am
very proud of your achievement。
The Students' Union plays an essential role in our campus life. Managing and
leveraging such an organization not only poses a great challenge to you, but
will also fundamentally enhance your ability comprehensively. I believe this
position will be a new beginning, and a chance for you to embrace a fuller life
and pave the way for a brilliant future career。
Please accept my most sincere congratulations!
Best wishes,
Li Ming
译文：
亲爱的詹生：
听说你被选为学生会主席，我感到非常高兴。对你来说，这是一个特殊的时刻、一个高兴的时刻，我为你的成就而感到骄傲。
学生会在我们的校园生活中起到了重要的作用，要管理和权衡这个组织对于你提出了一个很大的挑战，同时也将综合地提高你的各方面能力。我相信这是一个新的开始，这个机会将使你拥抱一个充实的生活、并为你将来的灿烂未来打下基础。
请接受我最诚挚的祝福！
衷心的祝愿，
李明
闪光词汇及词组：
delighted: adj. 高兴的，欣喜的
achievement: n. 成就，功绩
essential: 本质的，基本的，重要的
play a ... role: 起....。.的作用
leverage: v. 衡量，利用
pose a challenge to: 给....。.带来挑战
fundamentally: adv. 根本上
enhance: v. 提高，增强
comprehensive: adj. 全面的
embrace: v. 拥抱
pave the way for: 为.。.铺平道路
brilliant: adj. 灿烂的
万能句型：
I am much delighted to learn that.。.
This is a special and happy moment for you and I am very proud of your
achievement。
not only... but also.。.
I believe this position will be a new beginning, a chance for you to embrace
a fuller life and pave the way for a brilliant future career。
Please accept my most sincere congratulations!
八 请求信 (A Letter of Request)
请求信是对收信人提出请求，并希望对方满足该要求。写请求信的重点是要写清楚为什么要请求他人做某事，请求他人做某事的原因。
写请求信时首先要说明写作意图，一定要注意语气要礼貌，用词要规范；然后具体展开说明请求的原因；最后表示希望对方予以答复。
写作“三步走”：介绍自己、提出请求->说明原因及其它事项->表达谢意、期盼答复
提示：在许多情况下，请求信是写给不认识的人或者机构，所以在信的开头可以做一下简单的自我介绍。同时，由于提出的请求往往都是需要麻烦别人的事情，所以要注意语气的礼貌程度，不要吝啬你的感谢。
(1) 2006年真题
Directions:
You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child
in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to
help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help
and how you will carry out your plan。
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming"
instead。
Do not write the address。
范文：
To Whom It May Concern,
My name is Li Ming, a college student of Peking University, and I am writing
in the hope of your assistance to find a needy child for whom I may provide
financial support。
First and foremost I would like to declare that I possess the financial
ability to implement this plan owing to my decent income from part-time jobs. As
to the candidate, I am hoping that he/she comes from an elementary school of the
less developed areas of Western China, who is forced out of school. I would like
to pay for his/her tuition fee and other school expenses until he/she graduates
from university。
Thank you for your time。
Yours cordially,
Li Ming
译文：
有关负责人：
我叫李明，是北京大学的学生。我给您写这封信的目的是希望可以资助一名贫困学生，请您帮我物色一名合适的人选。
首先我想声明我有着实现这个计划的财政能力，因为我现在的兼职工作可以给我带来不菲的收入。至于具体的人选，我希望他/她是来自经济落后的中国西部地区的一名小学生，因为贫困原因而被迫退学。我将支付该学生的学费和其它杂费等，直至其大学毕业。
感谢您的时间和耐心。
您真挚的，
李明
闪光词汇及词组：
in the hope of: 希望
assistance: n. 帮助，协助
first and foremost: 首先
declare: v. 声明
possess: v. 拥有
implement: v. 实施
owe to: 因为，由于
decent income: 不错的收入
as to: 至于
less developed: 欠发达的
万能句型：
I am writing in the hope of your assistance to.。.
Thank you for your time。
(2)Directions:
You are preparing for your graduation thesis and are in urgent need of some
reference materials. Write a letter to the National Library and ask for their
help. Provide detailed information, and method of delivery and payment。
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming"
instead。
Do not write the address。
范文：
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am a senior student from Tianjin University, and I wonder if you could
spare some time to help me look for two reference books, Communication
Principles and Organizational Communication, both published by Foreign Language
Press in 2000.
The two books are of particular importance to my graduation thesis, but I
failed to obtain them from my university library as well as local bookstores.
Could you please tell me whether the National Library has the mentioned books?
If so, could you please do me the favor of photocopying and sending them to me
by EMS? I would like to pay for the relevant expense by cash or credit card。
Looking forward to a prompt reply from you。
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
译文：
尊敬的先生或女士：
我是天津大学的一名大四学生，不知道是否可以占用您的一点时间帮我找两本参考书？它们分别是《传播学原理》和《组织传播学》，都是由外语出版社于2000年出版。
这两本书对于我的正在写作的毕业论文有着特别的重要意义，但是我在我们的大学图书馆和当地书店都没有找到它们。不知道国家图书馆是否藏有着两本书？如果有的话，不知您是否可以帮我复印一下并用特快专递寄给我呢？关于相关费用我会通过现金或者信用卡的形式进行支付。
希望能够尽快得到您的答复。
您真诚的，
李明
闪光词汇及词组：
senior student: 大四学生
spare some time: 花一些时间
fail to do sth: 没能做成某事
obtain: v. 得到，获得
photocopy: v. 复印
万能句型：
I am wondering if you could spare some time to.。.
Could you please do me the favor of.。.
I would like to pay for the relevant expense by cash or credit card。
Looking forward to a prompt reply from you。
九 建议信 (A Letter of Advice)
建议信是对收信人就某一问题提出看法、建议或忠告。建议信不同于投诉信，所以写信人一定要注意礼貌当先。建议信一般包括以下内容：首先说明写信的目的，其次，在肯定优点的基础上提出自己的建议或看法(否则别人以为你在投诉，而不是在提建议)，最后表达希望采纳建议。
写作“三步走”：自我介绍、说明目的->委婉地提出建议及改进措施，或提出忠告->礼貌地总结或期盼回复
提示：提建议毕竟不是投诉，所以语言一定要委婉、礼貌，顾及他人感情。在提出缺点之前，最好先肯定其优点。
(1) 2007年真题
Directions:
Write a litter to your university library, making suggestions for improving
its service。
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming"
instead。
Do not write the address。
范文：
To Whom It May Concern,
As a student of this university, I would like to take the opportunity to
express my appreciation for your kind assistance as always. Meanwhile, I feel
that it would be beneficial to express my views concerning the quality of the
library service。
In the first place, I find that most keyboards of the library computers are
in poor operation, which brings much inconvenience to the users. I would also
recommend the library to improve the efficiency of purchasing new books and
subscribing to academic journals. Last but not least, the study rooms need to be
furnished with a better lighting system。
I hope that you take my suggestions into serious consideration。
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
译文：
有关负责人：
作为本校学生，首先我想利用这个机会对于您一直以来的帮助表示感谢。同时，我也想对图书馆的服务提出一些建议，相信将有助于服务的提高。
首先，我发现图书馆电脑的大部分键盘都有操作上的问题，给用户带来很多不便。我也想建议图书馆提高购买新书和定购学术期刊的工作效率。最后，自习教室的照明系统也需要进一步的改进。
我希望您能够认真考虑我的建议。
您真诚的，
李明
闪光词汇及词组：
take the opportunity to: 利用这个机会
beneficial: adj。有益的
keyboard: n. 键盘
purchase: v. 购买
subscribe to: 定购
be furnished with: 安装有
lighting system: 照明系统
万能句型：
I would like to take the opportunity to express my appreciation for your kind
assistance as always。
I feel that it would be beneficial to express my views concerning.。.
In the first place...I would also recommend...Last but not least.。.
I hope that you take my suggestions into serious consideration。
(2)Directions:
Write a letter to the president of your college about the unpleasant
conditions of the university dormitory, and suggesting possible solutions
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming"
instead。
Do not write the address。
范文：
Dear Sir,
As I am a freshman, I feel that it is my obligation to make some suggestions
concerning the basic conditions of our dormitory。
Generally speaking, the dormitory building situates in a satisfying
environment and is well-equipped. However, there are two unpleasant aspects that
cause inconvenience to us: 1) the heating system is in need of improvement-it
fails to maintain warmth in our rooms during the winter; 2) the furniture is not
designed in a practical manner -there lacks a shelf to place books。
I would be more than happy if my proposal could be considered and positive
changes take place in these regards。
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
译文：
尊敬的校长：
作为本校的一名大一新生，我觉得就学生宿舍条件提出一些建议是我应有的责任。
总的来说，我们的宿舍楼环境良好、设备齐全。但是，仍然存在一些不尽人意的方面，给我们的生活带来了不便：1、冬天室内暖气不足，供暖系统需要进一步改进；2、家具设计不合理，没有供我们放书的书架。
如果您能够考虑我的这些建议并使学校在以上方面做出改进，我将感激不尽。
您真诚的，
李明
闪光词汇及词组：
obligation: n. 义务，责任
generally speaking: 总的来说
situates: v. 处于
well-equipped: adj. 设备齐全的
maintain: v. 保持，维持
place: v. 放置
in a ... manner: 以....。.的方式
万能句型：
A freshman as I am, I feel that it is my obligation to make some suggestions
concerning.。.
I would be more than happy if my proposals could be considered and positive
changes take place
in these regards。
十 求职信 (A Cover Letter of Job Application)
求职信也是申请信的一种，是写信人就某一职位向收信人提出请求。求职信一般包括以下几个方面的内容：首先要阐述清楚招聘信息的来源，以及所申请的职位；其次简述个人信息；然后进一步强调自己的能力，表达抱负，并请求给予面试机会；最后提出自己的希望，希望得到面试的机会，并且告诉对方你的联系方式。
求职信的语言属于正式用语，在写作过程中一定要注意用词简洁准确，语气礼貌自信，态度不卑不亢，所给信息具有一定的可信度。尤其是在强调自身经历和优点的时候，更应把握尺度。
写作“三步走”：自我介绍，说明求职目的->展示个人能力、经历及求职动机->希望面试机会、表示感谢
提示：由于篇幅较短，而申请者需要尽可能地向用人单位推销自己，所以在求职信中宜笼统概说自己的求学和工作经历，突出一至两个吸引眼球的闪光点即可。
Directions:
You are a graduate student of X University, and you are interested in the
position of business manager that is advertised on the newspaper. Write a letter
to the company stating the reasons for your application, your qualification for
the position, and asking for an interview。
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming"
instead。
Do not write the address。
范文：
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing to apply for the position of business manager you advertised in
yesterday's China Daily。
To briefly introduce myself, I am a graduate student of Peking University
majoring in business administration, and expect graduation this June. Not only
have I excellent academic performance in all courses, I also possess the rich
experience of assisting management staff of several renowned international
companies, such as KPMG and Microsoft. My interactive personal skills and
teamwork spirit are also appropriate for this post. For further information,
please refer to my attached resume。
I would be grateful if you could arrange an interview at your earliest
convenience。
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
译文：
尊敬的先生或女士：
我写信希望申请您昨天在《中国日报》上刊登的招聘业务经理的广告。
首先请允许我简单介绍一下我自己，我是北京大学工商管理专业的大四学生，将于今年六月份毕业。我不仅学习成绩优秀，而且还有着在国际大公司担任管理人员助手的丰富经历，比如毕马威公司、微软公司等。我的个人交际能力和团队精神也非常适合这个职位。如果你需要进一步的信息，请参考附上的简历。
如果你能在方便之时尽早给我安排一次面试，我将不胜感激。
您真诚的，
李明
闪光词汇及词组：
business administration: 工商管理
renowned: adj. 著名的
interactive: adj. 相互的
teamwork spirit: 团队精神
appropriate: adj. 适当的
refer to: 参考
attach: v. 附上
arrange: v. 安排
万能句型：
I am writing to apply for the position of...you advertised in
yesterday's.。.
To briefly introduce myself, I am a gradute student of ... University
majoring in ... and expect graduation this June。
Not only have I excellent academic performance in all courses, I also possess
the rich experience of.。.
My interactive personal skills and teamwork spirit are also appropriate for
this post。
I would be grateful if you could arrange an interview at your earliest
convenience。
UNIT Ⅲ 信函写作格式
(一)称呼
1 写给机构：Dear Sir or Madam,
2 写给个人：Dear＋人名，
(二)正文：3段、7句左右、100－120词、3－5关联词、3－5从句
1 第一段：1－2句
1)自我介绍
(1)工作人员：05：I am a staff member from your company/corporation。
06： I am a staff member from Motorola(China)Electronics Ltd。
(2)学生：I am a freshman/sophomore/junior/senior/undergraduate/graduate from the
Department of Chinese Language and Literature of Beijing University。
2)写作目的：
(1)样题：I am writing the letter in purpose of ordering some books。
(2)05：I am writing to inform you that I wish to resign from my current
post/position。
2 第二段：3－6句
1)改写提纲一：1句
2)改写提纲二：1句
3)改写提纲三：1句
3、第三段：1－2句
1)表示感谢(私人建议信除外)
(1)My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond words。
(2)Words fail me when I wish to express my sincere gratitude to you。
(3)I take this opportunity to show my heartfelt appreciation for the kind
assistance you render me。
2)期待回信：
(1)I am looking forward to hearing from you soon。
(2)I look forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience。
(3)Your prompt attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated。
(三)落款
1 结尾客套：Yours sincerely,
2 签名：Li Ming
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