《单片机原理及应用》考试大纲

一、         基本要求

了解单片机的发展过程及产品近况，了解单片机的特点及应用领域，学习单片机的基本结构与工作原理、数制与编码、单片机的内部与外部资源、单片机的I/O口、单片机的存储器结构，熟悉单片机软件开发平台，具备基本的单片机选型能力。 能掌握汇编语言指令系统、C语言编程、人机接口技术、中断的原理及编程、定时器/计数器的原理及编程、串行口及异步串行通信、同步串行总线及其应用等知识。为从事科学研究与工程应用做好技术储备。

二、         考试范围

考核内容以标准MCS-51单片机为核心芯片，考试涉及到的所有编程题目均可采用C语言或汇编语言完成程序设计，两者选其一。考试不单独考核汇编语言指令。

第一部分 单片机基本概念                                                                              

1.  单片机定义                                                          (C)

2.  单片机的特点                                                        (C)

3.  单片机的应用领域                                                    (C)

第二部分 单片机硬件基础                                                  

1.  单片机体系结构                                                                                               (C)

2.  单片机片内资源                                                                                               (A)

3.  单片机管脚功能及排列                                                                                (B)

4.  单片机的输入/输出端口及驱动能力                                                             (A)

5.  单片机振荡周期、状态周期、机器周期及时序                                                (A)

6.  单片机运行的硬件条件                                                                                (A)

第三部分  单片机指令系统与程序设计                                                          

1.  汇编语言格式                                                                                               (C)

2．  寻址方式                                                                                                   (C)

3．  汇编语言程序设计基础                                                                     (C)

4． 伪指令                                                                                                       (C)

5．数据传送类指令                                                                                    (C)

6．算术运算类指令                                                                                     (C)

7．逻辑操作类指令                                                                                            (C)

8．控制转移指令                                                                             (C)

9．位操作类指令                                                                                                 (C)

10. C语言编程                                                           (A)

第四部分 定时器/计数器与中断系统                                                                      

1．定时器/计数器的工作方式                                                                       (A)

2．中断结构及中断请求源                                                                                  (A)

3．中断控制及中断响应过程                                                                                  (A)

4．外部中断方式选择及中断响应时间                                                                    (B) 

5．定时器/计数器及中断编程应用                                                                          (A)

第五部分  异步串行通信                                                                                       

1．串行通信的基本概念                                                                                (B)

2．串行口的工作方式                                                                                     (A) 3．波特率的设计                                                                                        (A)

4. 串口程序设计                                                         (A)

第六部分 单片机并行总线扩展系统                                                                       

1．外部程序存储器的扩展方法                                                                          (C)

2．外部数据存储器的扩展方法                                                                               (C)

第七部分 I/O口应用                                                                                             

1．I/O口结构                                                                                                    (B)

2．I/O与发光型LED器件的接口                                                                            (A)

3．点阵液晶显示器与单片机的接口                                                                   (C)

注：A为掌握的内容，B为熟悉的内容，C为了解的内容。

三、         参考书目

[1]      刘焕成. 单片机原理、接口技术与程序设计[M]. 北京:清华大学大学出版社, 2014.

[2]      张毅刚. 单片机原理及应用[M]. 北京:高等教育出版社, 2011.