资源简介：青岛科技大学综合考试2009年考研真题考研试题    

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青 岛 科 技 大 学
二 OO 九年硕士研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：综合考试
注意事项：1．本试卷共 3 道大题（共计 15 个小题），满分 150 分；
2．本卷属试题卷，答题另有答题卷，答案一律写在答题卷上，写在该试题卷上
或草纸上均无效。要注意试卷清洁，不要在试卷上涂划；
3．必须用蓝、黑钢笔或签字笔答题，其它均无效。
﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡
Part I. Linguistics (50 points)
Task 1. Define the following terms (10 points).
1. langue
2. distinctive features
3. inflection
4. hyponymy
5. illocutionary act
Task 2. Each of the following sentences may have more than one interpretation. Write out at least
two for each sentence (in English). (10 points)
1. Alot of old men and women were at the gathering.
2. She did not come because of you.
3. We saw a lot of huge trees in the forest.
Task 3. Answer three of the following four questions (30 points).
1. Inwhat way(s) is phonology related to and different from phonetics?
2. What is the distinction between descriptive and prescriptive studies?
3. What are the criteria used in the description of consonants?
4. What are the Q- and R-principles?
Part II. Translation (60 points)
Task 1. Translate the following passage into Chinese (20 points).
When we observe the development of semiotic studies during the last 50 years, then, on the
one hand, we can not disregard an enormous amount of practical researches, processing of a great
scope of materials, but, on the other hand, an obvious stagnation in the sphere of semiotic theory.
Moreover, when we compare the present situation with that of the beginning of the 20th century,
the theory of semiotics seems to face now even bigger obstacles. Peirce’s outstanding contribution
to the clarification of the nature of semiosis (符号化) and systematization of the types of signs and
Saussure’s prophetic intuitions in semiology did not yet meet with an actual material, which not
only resists given approaches, but to a certain extent even contradicts them. The situation is even
more complicated by the fact that schools which pursue their activities under the general heading of
semiotics differ from each other not in details, but in their basics and it is almost impossible to find
a compromise or common part between them.
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