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南京农业大学 2004 年硕士研究生入学考试基础英语试题
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试题编号：327 试题名称：基础英语
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Part I Reading Comprehension (60 points) 共济网
Passage One
共
Directions: 123 站台
1. Write an outline of the main points covered in the following reading material. (10 points) 200092
2. What institutional constraints have been mentioned in this text? As a language learner, what do you t
hink of the role of the individual learner, especially in terms of learner autonomy and learner possibilit
y? (10 points) 研
471 弄
Over the last quarter of the twentieth century, the (English) language teaching profession has undergon
e many changes. One interesting example of this is the role ofmaterials, and in particular, in the natur
e of course book provision. The market for „main courses‟ has grown enormously, and the top five cours
e book series, in Britain alone, generate very large sales indeed. Responding to these greater rewards f
or producing successful courses, the series themselves have changed dramatically. Book now contain f
ar more material, with „multi‟ syllabuses (Swan and Walter 1984-87) as well as extensive accompanyin
g material. In addition, the professionalism of the publishing process means that those series which ar
e published have survived a rigorous monitoring and piloting schedule which is likely to have caused sig
nificant rejection of unsatisfactory material and revision of almost everything which remains.
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All this, of course, represents a significant advance. It is difficult not to conclude that the materials whic
h are now available are not simply more extensive but are also of better quality than their predecessor
s. In some ways these developments have rendered out-of-date an interesting exchange on the value o
f language teaching materials. Allwright (1981) argued that commercial materials are a juggernaut whic
h are stifling for the individual and the mediating contributions that can be made by the teacher. In contr
ast, O‟Neill (1982) argued that it is better to use professional materials than those produced under difficu
lt circumstances by amateurs. The debate was nicely balanced, with each party making unanswered poi
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