2000 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
Section I: Structure and Vocabulary
Part A
Directions:
Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]
and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on
ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a
pencil. (5 points)
Example:
I have been to the Great Wall three times ________ 1979.
[A] from
[B] after
[C] for
[D] since
The sentence should read, “I have been to the Great Wall three times since
1979.” Therefore, you should choose [D]
Sample Answer
[A] [B] [C] [■]
1. As I’ll be away for at least a year, I’d appreciate ________ from you now and
then telling me how everyone is getting along.
[A] hearing
[B] to hear
[C] to be hearing
[D] having heard
2. Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, ________ to find it
locked.
[A] just
[B] only
[C] hence
[D] thus
3. Doctors see a connection between increase amounts of leisure time spent
________ and the increased number of cases of skin cancer.
[A] to sunbathe
[B] to have sunbathed
[C] having sunbathed
[D] sunbathing
4. Unless you sign a contract with the insurance company for your goods, you are
not entitled ________ a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery.
[A] to
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[B] with
[C] for
[D] on
5. On a rainy day I was driving north through Vermont ________ I noticed a young
man holding up a sign reading “Boston”.
[A] which
[B] where
[C] when
[D] that
6. Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away, as though ________ out of
the office.
[A] went
[B] gone
[C] to go
[D] would go
7. The roles expected ________ old people in such a setting give too few
psychological satisfactions for normal happiness.
[A] of
[B] on
[C] to
[D] with
8. Talk to anyone in the drug industry, ________ you’ll soon discover that the
science of genetics is the biggest thing to hit drug research since penicillin was
discovered.
[A] or
[B] and
[C] for
[D] so
9. It wasn’t so much that I disliked her ________ that I just wasn’t interested in the
whole business.
[A] rather
[B] so
[C] than
[D] as
10. Countless divorced politicians would have been elected out of office years ago
had they even thought of a divorce, let alone ________ one.
[A] getting
[B] to get
[C] gotten
[D] get
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Part B
Directions:
Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked [A], [B], [C], and
[D]. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on
ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a
pencil. (5 points)
Example:
A number of [A] foreign visitors were taken [B] to the industrial exhibition,
which [C] they saw [D] many new products.
Answer [C] is wrong. The sentence should read, “A number of foreign visitors
were taken to the industrial exhibition, where they saw many new products.” So you
should choose [C].
Sample Answer
[A] [B] [■] [D]
11. Having isolated [A] on a remote island, with [B] little work to occupy [C] them,
the soldiers suffered from boredom and low spirits [D].
12. If the letter to be mailed [A] was placed [B] on the writing table an hour ago, it is
[C] certain being [D] there now.
13. The ruling [A] party could even lose its [B] majority in the lower house of
parliament, started [C] a period of prolonged struggling [D].
14. The mechanisms at [A] work are manifest [B] in the tendency for such physical
activity to [C] utilize the potential [D] harmful constituents of the stress
response.
15. In [A] the long run, however, this hurry to shed [B] full-time staff may be more
[C] harmful to industry as it is to [D] the workforce.
16. See to it [A] that you include in [B] the examination paper whatever [C]
questions they didn’t know the answer [D] last time.
17. Most newspapers, while devoting [A] the major part of its [B] space to recent
events, usually manage to find room [C] on the inside pages for articles on [D]
some interesting topics.
18. One sign by which [A] you are making progress in an art [B] such as painting or
photography is that [C] you begin to realize how much there is [D] to learn.
19. The ideal listener stays both inside and outside [A] the music at the moment it is
played and enjoying [B] it almost as much as [C] the composer at the moment he
composes [D].
20. Continued [A] exposure to stress has been linked to worsened [B] functioning of
the immune system, leaving [C] a person more liable for [D] infection.
Part C
Directions:
Beneath each of the following sentences, there four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and
[D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER
SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10
points)
Example:
The lost car of the Lees was found ________ in the woods off the highway.
[A] vanished
[B] scattered
[C] abandoned
[D] rejected
The sentence should read, “The lost car of the Lees was found abandoned in the
woods off the highway.” Therefore, you should choose [C].
Sample Answer
[A] [B] [■][D]
21. He spoke so ________ that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.
[A] bluntly
[B] convincingly
[C] emphatically
[D] determinedly
22. France’s ________ of nuclear testing in the South Pacific last month triggered
political debates and mass demonstrations.
[A] assumption
[B] consumption
[C] presumption
[D] resumption
23. The 215-page manuscript, circulated to publishers last October, ________ an
outburst of interest.
[A] flared
[B] glittered
[C] sparked
[D] flashed
24. His efforts to bring about a reconciliation between the two Parties ________.
[A] came off
[B] came on
[C] came round
[D] came down
25. The system was redesigned to embrace the network and eventually ________ it
in a profitable direction.
[A] adapt
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[B] control
[C] install
[D] steer
26. The capital intended to broaden the export base and ________ efficiency gains
from international trade was channeled instead into uneconomic import
substitution.
[A] secure
[B] extend
[C] defend
[D] possess
27. It is announced that a wallet has been found and can be ________ at the
manager’s office.
[A] declared
[B] obtained
[C] reclaimed
[D] recognized
28. When I ________ my senses, I found myself wrapped up in bed in my little room,
with Grandma bending over me.
[A] woke up
[B] took to
[C] picked up
[D] came to
29. The American society is ________ an exceedingly shaky foundation of natural
resources, which is connected with the possibility of a worsening environment.
[A] established on
[B] affiliated to
[C] originated from
[D] incorporated with
30. I am not ________ with my roommate but I have to share the room with her,
because I have nowhere else to live.
[A] concerned
[B] compatible
[C] considerate
[D] complied
31. At first, the ________ of color pictures over a long distance seemed impossible,
but, with painstaking efforts and at great expense, it became a reality.
[A] transaction
[B] transmission
[C] transformation
[D] transition
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32. When the committee ________ to details, the proposed plan seemed impractical.
[A] got down
[B] set about
[C] went off
[D] came up
33. ________ to some parts of South America is still difficult, because parts of the
continent are still covered with thick forests.
[A] Orientation
[B] Access
[C] Procession
[D] Voyage
34. Mr. Smith had an unusual ________: he was first an office clerk, then a sailor,
and ended up as a school teacher.
[A] profession
[B] occupation
[C] position
[D] career
35. The mayor is a woman with great ________ and therefore deserves our political
and financial support.
[A] intention
[B] instinct
[C] integrity
[D] intensity
36. The English weather defies forecast and hence is a source of interest ________ to
everyone.
[A] speculation
[B] attribution
[C] utilization
[D] proposition
37. The fact that the golden eagle usually builds its nest on some high cliffs
________ it almost impossible to obtain the eggs or the young birds.
[A] renders
[B] reckons
[C] regards
[D] relates
38. To impress a future employer, one should dress neatly, be ________, and display
interest in the job.
[A] swift
[B] instant
[C] timely
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[D] punctual
39. You don’t have to install this radio in your new car, it’s an ________ extra.
[A] excessive
[B] optional
[C] additional
[D] arbitrary
40. We were pleased to note that the early morning delivery didn’t ________ to the
traffic jam of the busy city.
[A] aid
[B] amount
[C] add
[D] attribute
Section II: Cloze Test
Directions:
For each numbered blank in following passage, there are four choices marked [A],
[B], [C] and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1
by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)
If a farmer wishes to succeed, he must try to keep a wide gap between his
consumption and his production. He must store a large quantity of grain __41__
consuming all his grain immediately. He can continue to support himself and his
family __42__ he produces a surplus. He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed
for sowing, as an insurance __43__ the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a
commodity which he must sell in order to __44__ old agricultural implements and
obtain chemical fertilizers to __45__ the soil. He may also need money to construct
irrigation __46__ and improve his farm in other ways. If no surplus is available, a
farmer cannot be __47__. He must either sell some of his property or __48__ extra
funds in the form of loans. Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low __49__ of
interest, but loans of this kind are not __50__ obtainable.
41. [A] other than
[B] as well as
[C] instead of
[D] more than
42. [A] only if
[B] much as
[C] long before
[D] ever since
43. [A] for
[B] against
[C] supplement
[D] dispose
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44. [A] replace
[B] purchase
[C] supplement
[D] dispose
45. [A] enhance
[B] mix
[C] feed
[D] raise
46. [A] vessels
[B] routes
[C] paths
[D] channels
47. [A] self-confident
[B] self-sufficient
[C] self-satisfied
[D] self-restrained
48. [A] search
[B] save
[C] offer
[D] seek
49. [A] proportion
[B] percentage
[C] rate
[D] ratio
50. [A] genuinely
[B] obviously
[C] presumably
[D] frequently
Section III: Reading Comprehension
Directions:
Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there
are four answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passages carefully and
choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER
SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40
points)
Text 1
A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if
properly handled, it may become a driving force. When the United States entered just
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such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight
times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale.
Its scientists were the world’s best, its workers the most skilled. America and
Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose
economies the war had destroyed.
It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew
richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. By the
mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial
competitiveness. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had
shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition. By 1987 there was only one
American television maker left, Zenith. (Now there is none: Zenith was bought by
South Korea’s LG Electronics in July.) Foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping
into the domestic market. America’s machine-tool industry was on the ropes. For a
while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had invented
and which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty.
All of this caused a crisis of confidence. Americans stopped taking prosperity for
granted. They began to believe that their way of doing business was failing, and that
their incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall as well. The mid-1980s brought
one inquiry after another into the causes of America’s industrial decline. Their
sometimes sensational findings were filled with warnings about the growing
competition from overseas.
How things have changed! In 1995 the United States can look back on five years
of solid growth while Japan has been struggling. Few Americans attribute this solely
to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle.
Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride. “American industry has changed its structure,
has gone on a diet, has learnt to be more quick-witted,” according to Richard
Cavanagh, executive dean of Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government. “It makes
me proud to be an American just to see how our businesses are improving their
productivity,” says Stephen Moore of the Cato Institute, a think-tank in Washington,
DC. And William Sahlman of the Harvard Business School believes that people will
look back on this period as “a golden age of business management in the United
States.”
51. The U.S. achieved its predominance after World War II because ________.
[A] it had made painstaking efforts towards this goal
[B] its domestic market was eight times larger than before
[C] the war had destroyed the economies of most potential competitors
[D] the unparalleled size of its workforce had given an impetus to its economy
52. The loss of U.S. predominance in the world economy in the 1980s is manifested
in the fact that the American ________.
[A] TV industry had withdrawn to its domestic market
[B] semiconductor industry had been taken over by foreign enterprises
[C] machine-tool industry had collapsed after suicidal actions
[D] auto industry had lost part of its domestic market
53. What can be inferred from the passage?
[A] It is human nature to shift between self-doubt and blind pried.
[B] Intense competition may contribute to economic progress.
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