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上海对外贸易学院
2003 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试
翻译与写作试题
ⅠTranslate the following passage into Chinese (30%)
When I am in a serious humor, I very often walk by myself in Westminster Abbey；
Where the gloominess of the place, and the use which it is applied, with the solemnity
of the building, and the condition of the people who lie in it, are apt to fill the
mind with a kind of melancholy, or rather thoughtfulness, that is not disagreeable
I yesterday passed a whole afternoon in the churchyard, the cloisters, and the church,
amusing myself with the tombstones and inscriptions that I met with in those several
regions of the dead. Most of them recorded nothing else of the buried person, but
that he was born upon one day, and died upon another：the whole history of his life
being comprehended in those two circumstances, that are common to all mankind I could
not but look upon these registers of existence, whether of brass or marble, as a
kind of satire upon the departed persons；Who had left no other memorial of them,
but that they were born and that they died.
参考译文
每当心情沉重的时候，我总是独自一人去西敏寺教堂；那里肃穆的气氛，教堂特有的神职，
庄重的建筑，在那里安息的人们的身份地位，无不给人的心里注满一种忧郁，或不妨说令人
沉思，令人欣然。昨天我在教堂草地，回廊和教堂里度过了整整一个下午，在好几个墓区里，
打量墓碑和碑文，聊以自娱。大部分的墓碑上只刻着死者姓名和生卒年月：人们对其一生的
了解也只在于人类所共有的生死两字。对于那些逝去的人们的生死记录，不管是刻在铜牌上
还是刻在大理石碑上，我都不由自主地将它们看作是对死者的一种讽刺；他们没有留下任何
别的记录，只是生与死。
ⅡTranslate the following in English (45%)
作家有三种死法。一曰自然的死，二曰痛苦的死，三曰快乐的死。
自然的死属于心脏停止跳动，是一种普遍的死亡形式，没有特色，可以略而不议。快乐的死和痛
苦的死不属于心脏停止跳动，是人还活着，作品已经、或几乎是没有了!
作家没有了作品，可以看作是个人艺术生命的死亡、职业的停顿。其中有些人是因为年事已高，
力不从心。这不是艺术的死亡，而是艺术的离休，他自己无可自责，社会也会尊重他在艺术上曾
经作出的贡献。
痛苦的死亡却不然，即当一个作家的体力和脑力还能胜任创作的时候，作品已经没有了，其原因
主要是由于各种苦难和折磨(包括自我折磨)所造成。折磨毁了他的才华，苦难消沉了意志，作为
人来说他还活着，作为作家来说却正在或已死去。
参考译文
A writer has three options when it comes to his end: a natural, painful, or happy death.
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