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470
华南理工大学
2006 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷
（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）
科目名称：语言学和英美文学基础知识
适用专业：英语语言文学 外国语言学及应用语言学
共 7 页
第 1 页
Part I. Linguistics (75 marks)
1. Define the following terms (15 marks)
1) competence
2) context
3) inflection
4) parole
5) utterance
2. Answer the following questions (10 marks)
1) What is descriptive linguistics?
2) What is universal grammar?
3. Analyze the linguistic data according to the requirements (30 marks)
1) The following sets of minimal pairs show that English /p/ and /b/ contrast in initial,
medial, and final positions.
Initial Medial Final
pit/bit rapid/rabid cap/cab
Find similar sets of minimal pairs for each pair of consonants given:
a. /k/-/g/
b. /m/-/n/
c. /l/-/r/
d. /b/-/v/
e. /s/-/z/
2) Draw trees diagrams for the following compounds. Note that they all have more than
one meaning and therefore require more than one tree.
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