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2000 年国际关系学院硕士入学考试
英语专业
英语(一)试题
考生须知
1 答案必须写在答题纸上,写在试题纸上的无效
2 限三个小时内完卷
3 考生不得携带任何词典或书本
4 知识交卷时必须交还试题
Ⅰ.Translate the following into Chinese (50%)
As self-appointed custodians of ideals and fundamental moral principles, pre-1910
American intellectuals believed it their responsibility to lead the nation upward
and onward. If there were obstacles to be overcome, intellectuals sounded the call
and led the reformers' charge. If idealistic visions were the requirements, they
provided blueprints for utopians. The twentieth century began with most
intellectuals in the United States sanguine about the future of the Western world.
The wave of pride and confidence generated by the Renaissance and the Enlightenment
still rolled strongly. What a work of art was man! His intellect, disciplined with
science, seemed capable of explaining and utilizing every natural process. And the
same natural laws that provided the key to the physical world were thought to make
possible a social science as well. With liberal application of the oil of natural
rights, most Americans confidently expected the social vehicle to run squeakless
forever---World War I explored this halcyon vision.
The way in which the actual phrase "lost generation" came into being is instructive.
While the several accounts vary in details, there is general consensus that the
phrase originated with Gertrude Stein, the Radcliffe girl turned Parisian, and the
unofficial dean of expatriated American artists and writers in Europe. There is also
general agreement that Stein used the phrase in conversation with Ernest Hemingway
about 1921. Hemingway's own account in A Moveable Feast is the most complete.
Gertrude Stein, he begins, found it necessary to take her Model T Ford to a Paris
garage for ignition repairs. Apparently the young mechanic who worked on the car
did not fix it satisfactorily or possibly he took too long. Stein, at any rate,
protested to the owner of the garage, and he in turn called the mechanic to task.
The owner then explained to Stein that all the young workers in his shop lacked skill
because they had served in the war and missed the crucial early years of vocational
training. At one point in the conversation, according to Hemingway, the garage keeper
said of his mechanics, that they were "all a generation perdue." Some time later,
Stein applied the phrase to the 23-year-old Hemingway and his friends. Angry at their
rowdy, drunken behavior, she saw the connection. “ ‘That's what you are. That's
what you all are,' Miss Stein said, ‘All of you young people who served in the war.
You are a lost generation.'” Hemingway evidently was surprised, the idea had not
occurred to him before. “ ‘Really?'” he asked. “ ‘You are, 'Stein insisted.
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