2017 考博英语 阅读题源经济学人文章每日精析（五十九）

考博英语阅读大部分博士研究生招生院校都使用《经济学人》杂志文章作为题源，考博信息网|http://www.kaoboinfo.com教育考博频道为考博生们将其中的文章进行深度分析，希望能提高大家的考博英语阅读水平，读懂长难句。

导读

自由主义者回顾2016年所发生的大事件，英国脱欧，唐纳德·特朗普胜选美国总统，狭隘的民主得到支持等等，一件件一桩桩事件无不让自由主义者捶胸驻足，懊恼丧气。

The future of liberalism

自由主义的未来

How to make sense of 2016

怎样看待2016

Liberals lost most of the arguments this year. They should not feel defeated so much as invigorated

自由主义者们在这一年虽然失去了其秉承的大部分理念，但是他们无需垂头丧气、自怨自艾，更应受到鼓舞、充满斗志。

Dec 24th 2016

2016年12月24日

FOR a certain kind of liberal, 2016 stands as a rebuke. If you believe, as The Economist does, in open economies and open societies, where the free exchange of goods, capital, people and ideas is encouraged and where universal freedoms are protected from state abuse by the rule of law, then this has been a year of setbacks. Not just over Brexit and the election of Donald Trump, but also the tragedy of Syria, abandoned to its suffering, and widespread support—in Hungary, Poland and beyond—for “illiberal democracy”.

对于某些自由主义者来说，2016充满了指责。如果你和《经济学人》一样对开放型经济和开放型社会抱有信任，这样的经济体制和社会鼓励商品、资本、人力和思想的自由流通以及主张普遍自由受法律保护而不受国家侵犯，那么2016是你信任受挫的一年。这些挫折不仅包括英国脱欧事件和唐纳德·特朗普胜选美国总统，还有痛苦不堪的叙利亚悲剧以及匈牙利、波兰等国广泛支持“狭隘民主”。

As globalisation has become a slur, nationalism, and even authoritarianism, have flourished. In Turkey relief at the failure of a coup was overtaken by savage (and popular) reprisals. In the Philippines voters chose a president who not only deployed death squads but bragged about pulling the trigger. All the while Russia, which hacked Western democracy, and China, which just last week set out to taunt America by seizing one of its maritime drones, insist liberalism is merely a cover for Western expansion.

随着全球化逐渐显现出其弊端，民族主义乃至独裁主义开始兴盛。在土耳其，政变事件失败所带来的宽慰被粗暴野蛮(且广泛)的报复性活动所取代。在菲律宾，选民所选的总统不仅部署了死亡小队还为自己打响了反毒第一枪而自鸣得意。此外，通过黑客技术危害西方民主的俄罗斯和在上周通过扣押美国无人潜艇器开始恐吓美国的中国，坚称自由主义只不过是西方扩张的一个障目法而已。

Faced with this litany, many liberals (of the free-market sort) have lost their nerve. Some have written epitaphs for the liberal order and issued warnings about the threat to democracy. Others argue that, with a timid tweak to immigration law or an extra tariff, life will simply return to normal. That is not good enough. The bitter harvest of 2016 has not suddenly destroyed liberalism’s claim to be the best way to confer dignity and bring about prosperity and equity. Rather than ducking the struggle of ideas, liberals should relish it.

面对这些陈词滥调，很多崇尚自由主义市场的自由主义者难免会失去理智。其中一些自由主义者已经为自由主义秩序写好了墓志铭，他们还发出了警告，警示提防那些威胁民主的因素。其他自由主义者则认为只需要在移民法律或是额外关税上略施谨慎小计，生活便能重返正轨。但这还远远不够。(期待您的翻译，明天会有针对这句话的长难句解析哟~)面对不同思想间的斗争，自由主义者们应该迎难而上而非弃甲奔逃。

Mill wheels

水车

In the past quarter-century liberalism has had it too easy. Its dominance following Soviet communism’s collapse decayed into laziness and complacency. Amid growing inequality, society’s winners told themselves that they lived in a meritocracy—and that their success was therefore deserved. The experts recruited to help run large parts of the economy marvelled at their own brilliance. But ordinary people often saw wealth as a cover for privilege and expertise as disguised self-interest.

在过去25年间，自由主义通行无阻。在苏联共产主义土崩瓦解之后，占主导地位的自由主义腐化至懒惰自满的状态。不公平现象愈发严重，然而社会成功人士却在自我安慰——精英制度的存在使得他们的成功变得理所当然。受雇去帮助运行经济制度大体的专家们惊叹于自己的辉煌。但普通人却经常视财富为特权的外衣，视专业技术知识为伪装的利己主义。